Which intervention has been shown to reduce fibroid-related symptoms?

• A. Decreased caffeine
• B. Smoking cessation
• C. Weight loss
• D. Vitamin D supplementation

Answer: (D)

Vitamin D status influences fibroid biology. Fibroids express vitamin D receptors, and vitamin D has been shown to inhibit fibroid cell proliferation and reduce extracellular matrix production, mechanisms that can translate into fewer or less severe symptoms. Correcting vitamin D deficiency with supplementation has been associated with a decrease in fibroid-related symptoms and, in some studies, a reduction in fibroid size. This is why vitamin D supplementation has the best-supported potential to alleviate symptoms among common interventions. While weight loss can improve overall health and may influence fibroid behavior indirectly, the direct, consistent evidence for symptom relief is strongest for vitamin D repletion. Other options, such as reducing caffeine intake or smoking cessation, do not have as robust a direct demonstration of reducing fibroid symptoms.